Cause  | Correction  | 
|---|---|
Worn or loose valve rocker arms The rocker arm needle bearings should be intact within the rocker arm assembly.  | Replace the valve rocker arms as required.  | 
Stuck valves Carbon buildup on the valve stem can cause the valve not to close properly.  | Repair or replace as required.  | 
Excessively worn or mis-aligned timing chain  | Replace the timing chain and sprockets as required.  | 
Worn camshaft lobes  | Replace the camshaft, valve lash adjusters, and rocker arms.  | 
Sticking valve lash adjusters  | Replace as required.  |